ð§ .envãã¡ã€ã«è§£æ
KEY=VALUE圢åŒã§æžããã.envãã¡ã€ã«ã®å 容ãè§£æããããŒãšå€ã®ãã¢ã®äžèŠ§è¡šç€ºããJSON圢åŒãžã®å€æãã§ããããŒã«ã§ããéè€ããããŒãããå Žåã¯èŠå衚瀺ãããŸãããã¹ãŠã®åŠçã¯ãã©ãŠã¶å ã§å®çµããŸãã
äœ¿ãæ¹
- .envãã¡ã€ã«ã®å 容ãå ¥åæ¬ã«è²Œãä»ããŸãã
- è§£æãããããŒãšå€ã®äžèЧã衚瀺ãããŸãã
- JSON圢åŒã«å€æãããçµæããã³ããŒããã¿ã³ã§ã³ããŒã§ããŸãã
èšç®ã®ä»çµã¿
.envãã¡ã€ã«ã¯ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®èšå®å€ãç§å¯æ å ±ããKEY=VALUEãã®åœ¢åŒã§1è¡ã«1ã€ãã€æžããã¡ã€ã«ã§ãããã®ããŒã«ã¯åè¡ã次ã®èŠåã§èªã¿åããŸãã 空è¡ãšã#ãã§å§ãŸãè¡ã¯ã³ã¡ã³ããšããŠç¡èŠããŸããè¡é ã®ãexport ãã¯åãé€ããŸãïŒã·ã§ã«ã¹ã¯ãªãããšããŠãèªã¿èŸŒããããã«æžããã.envã«å¯Ÿå¿ããããïŒãããŒã¯è±åãŸãã¯ã¢ã³ããŒã¹ã³ã¢ã§å§ãŸããè±æ°åãšã¢ã³ããŒã¹ã³ã¢ã ããããªãååã§ããã=ãã®ååŸã®ç©ºçœã¯ç¡èŠããå€ãå²ãããã«ã¯ã©ãŒããŸãã¯ã·ã³ã°ã«ã¯ã©ãŒãã¯åãé€ããŸãã åãããŒãè€æ°ååºãŠããå Žåã¯éè€ãšããŠèŠåã衚瀺ããJSONã«å€æãããšãã¯åŸã«æžãããå€ãæ¡çšããŸãã
èšç®äŸ
次ã®.envãèªã¿èŸŒãã å Žå # example export API_URL=https://example.com DEBUG=true SECRET_KEY="abc123" DEBUG=false JSONã®åºå {"API_URL": "https://example.com", "DEBUG": "false", "SECRET_KEY": "abc123"} DEBUG ã¯2åå®çŸ©ãããŠããããéè€ã®èŠåã衚瀺ãããåŸã® false ãæ¡çšãããŸããå€ã¯ãã¹ãŠæååãšããŠæ±ããããããtrue ã "true" ãšããæååã«ãªããŸãã
䜿çšäžã®æ³šæ
- è¡ã®éäžã®ã#ãã¯ã³ã¡ã³ããšããŠæ±ãããŸããããKEY=value # ã¡ã¢ãã¯ãå€ããvalue # ã¡ã¢ãã«ãªããŸãã
- ã¯ã©ãŒãå ã®ã\nããªã©ã®ãšã¹ã±ãŒããã${OTHER_KEY} ã®ãããªå€æ°ã®å±éã¯è¡ããŸããã
- å€ã¯ãã¹ãŠæååã§ããæ°å€ãçåœå€ãžã®å€æã¯è¡ããŸããã
- .envã«ã¯ç§å¯æ å ±ãå«ãŸããããšãå€ããããå ±æãå ¬éã«ã¯ååæ³šæããŠãã ããããã®ããŒã«ã®åŠçã¯ãã©ãŠã¶å ã§å®çµããŸãã
ãããã質å
ã³ã¡ã³ãè¡(#ã§å§ãŸãè¡)ã¯ã©ãæ±ãããŸãã?
#ã§å§ãŸãè¡ã¯ç¡èŠãããè§£æå¯Ÿè±¡ã«ãªããŸããã
å€ãããã«ã¯ã©ãŒããã·ã³ã°ã«ã¯ã©ãŒãã§å²ãŸããŠããå Žåã¯?
å²ãã§ããã¯ã©ãŒãèšå·ã¯èªåçã«åãé€ãããäžèº«ã®æååã®ã¿ãå€ãšããŠæœåºãããŸãã
åãããŒãè€æ°åå®çŸ©ãããŠããå Žåã¯ã©ããªããŸãã?
éè€ããŠããããŒã«ã¯èŠåããŒã¯ã衚瀺ãããŸããJSONåºåã§ã¯ãåŸã«å®çŸ©ãããå€ãåªå ãããŸã(éåžžã®.envãã¡ã€ã«ã®èªã¿èŸŒã¿åäœãšåæ§ã§ã)ã